Engine



N. O. ALLYN ENGINE Fned April/13, 19:59

3 suns-sheet 1 INVENTOR. Nan ell 0. [15/7 BY ATTORNEY April 1, 1941- N. o. ALLYN 2,236,741

. ENGINE- Filed April 13, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 'INVENTOR. Nerve/70.1411 n ATTORNEY.

P up. ALLYN 2,236,741

ENGINE Filed April 13, 1939 s Sheets-Sheet 3 mvsmoa News]! 0. All I? ATTORNEY.

Patented-A r. 1, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Nowell o. Ally 2:21am, cam.- Application April 13, 1939, Serial No. 267,571

11 Claims. My invention relates to an engine, and more particularly to a two-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine. Aprincipal object of the invention is to provide a radial engine of such character that will be materially reduced in weight and yet relatively high in horsepower.

Another object is to provide means that will operate a series of sleeve valves disposed in a series of cylinders, by a single eccentric or crank.

Still another object is to provide means whereby an exhaust port may be opened prior to a scavenging port in a two-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine, but which closes the exhaust and scavenging ports at substantially the same time.

A further object is to provide practical means for operating a sleeve valve of an internal combu'stion 'engine, in rotating and reciprocating di rections with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.

The invention also comprises novel details of construction and novel combinations and arrangements of parts, which will more fully appear in the course of the following description.

Reference is made to my co-pending application Serial No. 297,479, filed October 2, 1939, for subject matter shown but not claimed herein.

- In the drawings, like reference characters designate similar parts in the several views.

Figure l is a broken section, partly in elevation, showing an embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 is a broken section, taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is ail enlarged transverse section taken on ,the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure -4 is a transverse section showing exhaust ports comprised in the embodiment, taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a transverse section showing supercharging ports open, taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 7.

. eccentric ll.

on the line l8 of Figure 9, and showing an attached blower.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the reference numeral l2 designates a'crank case in which a crankshaft i3 is mounted in roller bearings H in journals IS. The crankshaft has a reduced end portion l6 upon which is fixed an An air-cooled cylinder, shown at l8, has an inward flange I! at the outer end thereof.

A cylinder head 20 is bolted to the flange IS in spaced relation to the inner face of the cylinder, to provide reciprocating space for a sleeve valve 2i. Suitable rings 22 are disposed around the head 20. The head contains a. combustion chamber 23 which, together with a curved recess 24 in the top of piston 25, forms a spherical combustion chamber. Rings 25 are shown on the piston.

A connecting rod 21 connects the piston with a throw 28 of the crankshaft i3.

Figure 7 is a vertical section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a transverse section showing scavenging ports, taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 9.

Figure 9 is a vertical section taken on the line 33 of Figure 8. i

Figure 10 is a transverse section showing supercharging ports closed, taken on the line llll0 of Figure 11.

Figure 11 is a vertical section taken on the line H-H of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a reduced transverse section, taken -The cylinder l8 has (a) exhaust ports 29 around the upper portion, adjacent the head 2| (b) super-charging ports 30 below the exhaust ports, and (c) scavenging ports 3! below the super-charging ports. These ports are preferably acute angle parallelograms, as shown in the drawings, and are arranged in an elliptical path around the cylinder.

The sleeve valve 2! has corresponding exhaust ports 32, super-charging ports 33 and scavenging ports 34.

A housing 35 surrounds the exhaust ports 29 of the cylinder and has a discharge 36 into the atmosphere, in the directionof the arrow A. A housing 31 surrounds the supercharging ports 30 of the cylinder and has a tangential connection 33 with a pressure blower (not shown) that supplies air under a pressure relatively higher than the air pressure entering the scavenging housing from a blower, as hereinafter described. The air pressure enters the super-charge housing 31 inthe direction of the arrow B, tangential to the cylinder ports 30.

A housing 39 surrounds the scavenging portsof the cylinder and has tangential connections and 4| at substantially opposite sides. ,The connection 4! connects with a blower H to supply air under a pressure relatively lower than the pressure introduced at the super-charging ports. The air pressure in the connection 4! travels in the direction of the arrow C, tangential to the cylinder ports II;- The other connection 43 admitsalr from the slip stream that is passing around the en ine during its forward propulsion. The

tangential arrangement of the above-mentioned connections causes turbulence to effect a thorough scavenging of the gases of combustion and a more intimate mixture of the fuel and air.

The sleeve valve 2i has a circumferential rib 42 around the bottom of same. Mounted on this rib is an arm 43 provided with a ball 44 at the end thereof. A socket member 45 at the end of a rod 46 receives the ball 44. Complementary bearing members 41 and 48 slidably support the ball 44 in the socket 45. The rod 46 is integral with a strap 49 on the eccentric I1,

I Pivots 50 and SI are fixed on oppositely pro- Jecting rods 45, which rods radiate from the strap 49. It is to be understood that each cylinder, sleeve, piston and connecting rod of the radially arranged cylinders is as described hereinbefore.

Parallel links 52 and 53 connect the pivots 50 and SI with opposed pivots I4 and 55 on a floating plate 56. At quadrant points on the plate 58 are pivots 51 and 58 which pivotally mount parallel, swinging arms 59 and ill that depend from pivots 6i and 62 fixed on a bracket 63 in the crank case l2.

The exhaust ports 28, 32 are of the crank angle wider than the scavengin p rts 3|, II, in order to be able to open the exhaust port before the scavenging port, in the reciprocation of the sleeve valve upon the power stroke ofthe piston,

but the exhaust and scavenging ports are arranged to be closed at the same time.

In. the operation of my present engine, it

The linkage hereinbefore described effects si multaneous reciprocation and rotation of the sleeve valve, whereby to cause an elliptical motion thereof. In operation, the ball 44 describes a circle of the same radius as the eccentric II. From the top of the stroke to 120 down from the top dead center the sleeve is turning in one direction, and from that point on, the sleeve turns in the opposite direction.

It is to be noted that the throw of the eccentric is arranged approximately 30 behind the crank which operates the piston, so the sleeve does not arrive at its bottom dead center position until the piston has traveled up 30 from its bottom dead center position.

While I have illustrated and described what I now regard as the preferred embodiment of my invention, the construction is, of course, subject to modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I, therefore, do not wish to restrict myself to the particular form of construction illustrated and described, but desire to avail myself of all modifications which may fall within the scope of the appended claims. 4

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, an eccentric connected to operate functions'on a two-stroke cycle. On thepower I stroke, at approximately 120 of the crank angle from the top dead center position, the exhaust begins to open. I At approximately 15 more, or at approximately 135 from the top dead center position on the power stroke, the scavenging port begins to open. Then during the next 90, which extends to up from the bottom dead center, both the' scavenging and exhaust ports are open. At that point, the scavenging and exhaust ports close simultaneously.

This simultaneous closing is effected by rotation of the sleeve, at the time that the sleeve is turning at its maximum speed of rotation. The

. time that the exhaust begins to open is at the point of maximum speed of reciprocation or the sleeve.

Thereupon the super-charge ports 38, 33 begin to open, and remain open until masked by the piston 25 at approximately 75 above bottom dead center, on the compression stroke. Further movement of the piston upon its said return stroke eii'ects compression of the air that has been introduced into the cylinder by a spray plug (not shown) in an opening 12 in the cylinder head 20.

It will be apparent that exhausting spent gases from the cylinder simultaneously with the forcing of air into the cylinder causes a continuous outward flow of air and gases at the exhaust, thus scavenging the cylinder in a most emcient'manner. The quantity of air that is thus forced into the cylinder is approximately twice its displacement: ,Thereason for having the ports around the cylinder is to get the maximum scavenging effect. Ports that are a substantial proportion of a sleeve valve the circumference are possible in engine. A poppet valve engine having inlet and/or exhaust openings in the head of the cyl- .inder have a smaller opening area, hence a more efllcient scavenging effect is obtained with 8- sleeve valve.

the sleeve, parallel linkage connected with the eccentric, a floating member pivotally connected with the linkage. and parallel links pivotally con; nected at one end with the floating member, the latter links having their opposite ends pivotally mounted on fixed pivots.

2. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, blower means connected with the scavenging port of the cylinder, an arm driven by the crank means in a flat plane from side to side with reference to the piston, the sleeve and arm having a ball and sliding socket connection,

to permit the ball to follow a curved path, and means driving the arm in longitudinal and lateral directions in said plane, to eifect elliptical movement of the sleeve.

3. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, an eccentric connected to operate the sleeve, relatively stationary pivots, and parallel linkage connected with the eccentric and in turn connected' with the relatively stationary pivots, to cause the eccentric to move the sleeve to and from a position in which its ports are aligned with those of the cylinder.

4. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with elliptically arranged ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with a port in alignment with one of the ports of the cylinder in one position, and the sleeve being movable elliptically to a position in which said sleeve port is in alignment with another of the elliptically arranged cylinder ports, and means including parallel linkage connected with relatively stationary means, to eflfect elliptical movement of the sleeve in a path including said positions.

5. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with elliptically arranged ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between'the piston and cylinder and provided with a port in alignment with one of the ports of the cylinder in one position, and the sleeve being movable elliptically to a position in which said sleeve port is in alignment with another of the elliptically arranged cylinder ports, and driving mechanism connected to reciprocate the sleeve, said mechanism having a longitudinally sliding connection with the sleeve and arranged to move the sleeve in an elliptical path including said positions.

6. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with elliptically arranged ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with a port in alignment with one of the ports of the cylinder in one position, and the sleeve beingmovable elliptically to a position in which said sleeve port is in alignment with' another of the elliptically arranged cylinder ports, relatively fixed pivots on the engine, linkage pivotally connected with the fixed pivots, and means pivotally connected with said linkageand in turn connected to effect elliptical movement of the sleeve in a path including said positions.

7. In an engine comprising a ported cylinder having a piston therein, and having a ported sleeve slidable between the piston and cylinder, and at least certain of the portsbeing elliptically arranged: means to drive the sleeve in an elliptical path comprising a drive shaft, a connecting rod connected to be moved by the drive shaft laterally from one position to another position substantially parallel therewith, and means to transmit the lateral movement of the rod to the sleeve to oscillate same.-

8. In an engine comprising a ported cylinder having a piston'therein, and having a movable, ported sleeve between the piston and cylinder, at least certain of the ports being elliptically ar ranged: means to drive the sleeve in an elliptical path comprising a drive shaft, a connecting rod connected to be simultaneously moved by the drive shaft longitudinally and laterally from one position to another position substantially parallel therewith, and means to transmit simultaneously the longitudinal and lateral movement of the connecting rod to the sleeve, to oscillate and reciprocate same simultaneously.

9. In an engine comprising a ported cylinder having a piston therein, and having a movable,

ported sleeve between the piston and cylinder,

and at least certain of the ports being elliptically arranged: means to drive the sleeve in an elliptical path comprising a drive shaft, a connecting rod connected to be simultaneously moved by the driveshaft longitudinally and laterally from one position to another position substantially parallel therewith, the sleeve having a sliding connection with the connecting rod, to transmit simultaneously the longitudinal and lateral movement of the connecting rod to the sleeve.

10. In an engine comprising a ported cylinder having a piston th'erein, and having a movable, ported sleeve between the piston and cylinder, and at least certain of the ports being elliptically arranged; means to drive the sleeve in an elliptical path comprising a drive shaft, a connecting rod connected to be simultaneously moved by the drive shaft longitudinally and laterally, linkage connected to the connecting rod and limiting such movement of the connecting rod to movement from one position to another position substantially parallel therewith, and means to transmit simultaneously the longitudinal and lateral movements of the connecting rod to the sleeve, to oscillate and reciprocate same simultaneously.

11. In an engine comprising a ported cylinder having a piston therein, and having a movable, ported sleeve between the piston and cylinder, and at least certain of the ports being elliptically arranged: means to drive the sleeve in an elliptical path comprising a drive shaft, a connecting rod connected to be moved by the drive shaft to different positions substantially parallel with each other, means restricting the rod to such movements, and means to transmit such movements of the rod to the sleeve.

- NEWELL O. ALLYN. 

